Nws yog qhov tseeb peb lub luag haujlwm los ua kom txaus siab rau koj cov kev xav tau thiab ua haujlwm zoo rau koj. Koj qhov kev txaus siab yog peb qhov khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws. Peb tab tom nrhiav rau pem hauv ntej rau koj nres los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke kev loj hlob rau Tuam Tshoj Chaw tsim tshuaj paus rau Tuam Tshoj Pharmacy Food and Chemical Industry Single-Stage Pumps Sanitary CIP Self-Priming Pump, Muaj ntau lub sij hawm, tam sim no peb tau them nyiaj rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm txhua yam tshwj xeeb kom paub tseeb txhua yam khoom lossis kev pabcuam txaus siab los ntawm peb cov neeg yuav khoom.
Nws yog qhov tseeb peb lub luag haujlwm los ua kom txaus siab rau koj cov kev xav tau thiab ua haujlwm zoo rau koj. Koj qhov kev txaus siab yog peb qhov khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws. Peb tab tom nrhiav rau pem hauv ntej rau koj nres los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke kev loj hlob rauTuam Tshoj Sanitary Return Pump, Sanitary CIP Pump, Peb tuaj yeem muab peb cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab kev tswj hwm tus nqi, thiab tam sim no peb muaj ntau yam pwm los ntawm ntau txog li ib puas lub hoobkas. Raws li cov khoom hloov kho sai, peb ua tiav hauv kev tsim ntau yam khoom zoo rau peb cov neeg siv khoom thiab tau txais lub koob npe nrov.
Feature

Quality Assurance Kev Nyab Xeeb

Kab rov tav Split Case (ANS) cov twj tso kua mis tau muab lawv lub npe vim yog "split" tsim ntawm lub casing, qhov twg lub hau npog tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm lub twj tso kua mis kom nthuav tawm cov khoom sab hauv. Cov khoom no suav nrog impeller, bearings, twj tso kua mis, thiab lwm yam. ANS cov twj tso kua mis muaj ob lub bearings, nyob rau ntawm ob sab ntawm lub impeller, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los tiv thaiv qhov loj ntawm kev vibration thiab thrust rog feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm dej turbulence nyob rau hauv lub suction piping. Cov twj tso kua mis feem ntau yog tsim los tswj kev ua haujlwm siab dua, thiab feem ntau hnyav dua. Lub durability ntawm ANS tsim tso cai rau lub twj tso kua mis siv rau cov dej ntws loj heev - feem ntau dhau ntawm 5000 GPM. Nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias lub twj tso kua mis ANS tsis yog ib txwm mounted horizontally, nws muaj peev xwm muaj tib lub durability tsim nta thiab muaj lub twj tso kua mis tsim los mounted vertically.

Ib leegtheemPump Aqhov zoo:

Vim li cas thiaj xaiv peb?

● Kev tsim tshwj xeeb Manufactory rau hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis
● Tsom ntsoov rau kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis, Tshaj Kev Lag Luam ua theem
● Kev paub zoo ntawm kev lag luam hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws
● Ua tib zoo pleev xim kom zoo zoo
● Xyoo ntawm cov qauv kev pabcuam thoob ntiaj teb, Tus Kws Ua Haujlwm ib-rau-ib qho kev pabcuam
● Ua kom xaj, Raws li qhov chaw yuav tsum tau ua thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom

UL teev cov twj tua hluav taws hnub tuaj yeem xaiv tau

Lub TONGKE Pump Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob, Systems, thiab Packaged Systems

TONGKE Fire Pump installations (UL pom zoo, Ua raws NFPA 20 thiab CCCF) xa cov kev tiv thaiv hluav taws zoo tshaj plaws rau cov chaw thoob ntiaj teb. TONGKE Pump tau muab kev pabcuam tiav, los ntawm kev pabcuam engineering mus rau hauv tsev tsim khoom mus rau kev pib ua haujlwm. Cov khoom lag luam yog tsim los ntawm kev xaiv dav ntawm cov twj tso kua mis, tsav tsheb, kev tswj hwm, lub hauv paus phaj thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv. Cov kev xaiv twj tso kua mis muaj xws li kab rov tav, hauv kab thiab kawg suction centrifugal twj tso kua mis nrog rau ntsug turbine twj.

Ob leeg kab rov tav thiab ntsug qauv muab lub peev xwm mus txog 5,000 gpm. End suction qauv xa cov peev txheej rau 2,000 gpm. Cov chav nyob hauv kab tuaj yeem tsim 1,500 gpm. Lub taub hau muaj li ntawm 100 ft txog 1,600 ft nrog ntau npaum li 500 meters. Cov twj tso kua mis yog powered nrog lub tshuab hluav taws xob, diesel xyaw lossis chav turbines. Cov twj siv hluav taws xob txheem yog Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob nrog cov tooj liab fittings. TONGKE muab cov fittings thiab accessories pom zoo los ntawm NFPA 20.

Daim ntawv thov
Daim ntawv thov sib txawv los ntawm me me, yooj yim hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tsav mus rau diesel cav tsav, ntim tshuab. Cov txheej txheem yog tsim los tswj cov dej tshiab, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb muaj rau cov dej hiav txwv thiab cov ntawv thov ua kua tshwj xeeb.
Lub TONGKE Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob muab kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb, Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam, Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tsev, Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob, Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob, Hauv Nroog, thiab Cov Ntawv Thov Txheej Txheem.

Tiv thaiv hluav taws
Koj tau txiav txim siab los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws kev puas tsuaj rau koj qhov chaw los ntawm kev txhim kho UL, ULC teev cov twj tua hluav taws. Koj qhov kev txiav txim tom ntej yog qhov system twg yuav yuav.
Koj xav tau lub twj tua hluav taws uas muaj pov thawj hauv kev teeb tsa thoob ntiaj teb. Tsim los ntawm ib tus kws tshaj lij nrog kev paub ntau yam hauv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws. Koj xav ua tiav kev pabcuam rau kev pib ua haujlwm. Koj xav tau TONGKE Pump.

Muab cov kev daws teeb meem Pumping TONGKE tuaj yeem ua tiav koj Yuav tsum muaj:
● Ua kom tiav kev tsim khoom hauv tsev
● Mechanical-run test peev nrog rau cov neeg siv khoom rooj tog rau txhua tus qauv NFPA
● Kab rov tav qauv rau lub peev xwm mus txog 2,500 gpm
● Vertical qauv rau lub peev xwm mus txog 5,000 gpm
● Cov qauv hauv kab rau kev muaj peev xwm mus txog 1,500 gpm
● Xaus suction qauv rau lub peev xwm mus txog 1,500 gpm
● Tsav: hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog lossis diesel cav
● Basic units thiab ntim tshuab.

Hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis & Ntim Systems
Fais Tsav Tsav Tsav Tsheb thiab Diesel Cav Tsav Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob tuaj yeem muab rau txhua qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov twj tso kua mis, tsav tsheb, kev tswj hwm thiab cov khoom siv rau cov npe thiab kev pom zoo thiab NON Daim ntawv thov kev pabcuam hluav taws. Cov khoom ntim thiab cov tshuab txo qis hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis nqi thiab muab cov no.

Cov khoom siv

Yuav kom ua tau raws li cov lus pom zoo ntawm cov qauv ntawm National Fire Protection Association raws li luam tawm nyob rau hauv lawv Phau Ntawv Qhia 20, ib tsab tam sim no, yuav tsum muaj qee yam khoom siv rau txhua qhov kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob. Lawv yuav sib txawv, txawm li cas los xij, kom haum rau cov kev xav tau ntawm txhua tus neeg teeb tsa thiab cov kev xav tau ntawm cov neeg tuav pov hwm hauv zos. Tongke Pump muab ntau hom hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis uas muaj xws li: concentric paug nce, casing nyem valve, eccentric suction reducer, nce paug tee, overflow cone, hose valve taub hau, hose li qub, hose valve caps thiab chains, suction thiab paug gauges, nyem valve, tsis siv neeg cua tso valve, ntws
'meter', thiab pob drip valve. Tsis muaj teeb meem dab tsi yuav tsum tau, Sterling muaj ib tug ua tiav kab ntawm accessories muaj thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm txhua lub installation.
Cov kab kos rov ua dua hauv qab no qhia txog ntau yam khoom siv ntxiv nrog rau cov kev xaiv tsav uas muaj nrog tag nrho Tongke cov twj tua hluav taws thiab cov tshuab ntim khoom.

FRQ

Q. Dab tsi ua rau lub twj tua hluav taws sib txawv ntawm lwm hom twj?
A. Ua ntej, lawv ua tau raws li cov cai nruj ntawm NFPA Pamphlet 20, Underwriters Laboratories thiab Factory Mutual Research Corporation rau kev ntseeg siab thiab kev pabcuam tsis ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab xav tau. Qhov tseeb no ib leeg yuav tsum hais lus zoo rau TKFLO cov khoom zoo thiab cov qauv tsim zoo. Cov twj tua hluav taws yuav tsum tsim kom muaj tus nqi ntws tshwj xeeb (GPM) thiab qhov siab ntawm 40 PSI lossis ntau dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov koom haum tau hais los saum toj no qhia tias cov twj tso kua mis yuav tsum tsim tsawg kawg 65% ntawm qhov siab ntawm 150% ntawm qhov ntsuas ntws - thiab tag nrho thaum ua haujlwm ntawm 15 ko taw nqa. Cov kev ua haujlwm nkhaus yuav tsum yog xws li lub taub hau kaw, lossis "churn," yog los ntawm 101% mus rau 140% ntawm lub taub hau ntsuas, nyob ntawm lub koom haum txhais cov ntsiab lus. TKFLO cov twj tua hluav taws tsis muaj rau kev pab cuam tua hluav taws tshwj tsis yog lawv ua tau raws li txhua lub koom haum cov cai.
Tshaj li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua tau zoo, TKFLO cov twj tua hluav taws tau ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas los ntawm NFPA thiab FM rau kev ntseeg tau thiab lub neej ntev los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas ntawm lawv cov qauv tsim thiab kev tsim kho. Casing kev ncaj ncees, piv txwv li, yuav tsum tsim nyog los tiv thaiv kev ntsuas hydrostatic ntawm peb zaug qhov siab tshaj plaws kev khiav hauj lwm siab yam tsis tau tawg! TKFLO qhov kev cog lus thiab kev tsim qauv zoo tso cai rau peb kom ua tiav qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no nrog ntau ntawm peb cov qauv 410 thiab 420. Kev suav lej engineering rau kev coj tus kheej lub neej, bolt stress, ncej deflection, thiab shear stress kuj yuav tsum tau xa mus rau NFPA. thiab FM thiab yuav tsum poob rau hauv kev txwv kev txwv kom muaj kev ntseeg siab tshaj plaws. Thaum kawg, tom qab tag nrho cov kev xav tau ua ntej tau ua tiav, lub twj tso kua mis tau npaj rau kev xeem ntawv pov thawj zaum kawg los ua pov thawj los ntawm cov neeg sawv cev los ntawm UL thiab FM Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm yuav xav tau ntau lub impeller diameters yuav ua rau pom tau zoo, suav nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus thiab siab kawg, thiab ntau hauv nruab nrab.

Q. Lub sij hawm txhuas txhuas rau lub twj tua hluav taws yog dab tsi?
A. Lub sij hawm ua cov hmoov txhuas khiav 5-8 lub lis piam tom qab tso tawm qhov kev txiav txim. Hu rau peb kom paub meej. 

Q. Txoj kev yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev txiav txim siab hloov twj tso kua mis yog dab tsi?
A. Rau lub twj tso kua mis kab rov tav split-case, yog tias koj zaum ntawm lub cev muaj zog tig mus rau lub twj tso kua mis, los ntawm qhov taw tes vantage lub twj tso kua mis yog sab xis, lossis moos-ntse, yog tias qhov nqus tau los ntawm sab xis thiab tawm. tab tom mus rau sab laug. Qhov opposite yog muaj tseeb rau sab laug-tes, los yog counter-clockwise tig. Qhov tseem ceeb yog lub ntsiab lus zoo thaum tham txog lub ncauj lus no. Xyuas kom tseeb tias ob tog saib lub twj tso kua mis los ntawm tib sab.

Q. Lub cav thiab lub cev muaj zog npaum li cas rau cov twj tua hluav taws?
A. Cov Motors lwm yam thiab cov khoom siv nrog TKFLO cov twj tua hluav taws yog qhov loj raws li UL, FM thiab NFPA 20 (2013), thiab tau tsim los ua haujlwm ntawm txhua qhov taw tes ntawm qhov hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis nkhaus yam tsis muaj ntau tshaj qhov kev pabcuam lub npe, lossis lub cav loj. Tsis txhob raug dag rau hauv kev xav tias cov motors loj tsuas yog rau 150% ntawm lub peev xwm ntawm lub npe. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis yooj yim rau cov twj tua hluav taws ua haujlwm tau zoo tshaj 150% ntawm cov peev txheej ntsuas (piv txwv li, yog tias muaj cov dej qhib lossis cov yeeb nkab tawg hauv qab).
Yog xav paub ntxiv, thov xa mus rau NFPA 20 (2013) kab lus 4.7.6, UL-448 kab lus 24.8, thiab Factory Mutual's Approval Standard for Split Case Fire Pumps, Class 1311, paragraph 4.1.2. Txhua lub cev muaj zog thiab lub cav muab nrog TKFLO cov twj tua hluav taws yog qhov loj rau qhov tseeb lub hom phiaj ntawm NFPA 20, UL, thiab Factory Mutual.
Txij li thaum hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis tsis xav tias yuav khiav tsis tu ncua, lawv feem ntau me me los ua kom zoo dua ntawm 1.15 lub cev muaj zog. Yog li tsis zoo li kev siv dej hauv tsev lossis HVAC twj tso kua mis, lub tshuab hluav taws xob lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis yog ib txwm loj "tsis yog overloading" hla qhov nkhaus. Tsuav koj tsis tshaj lub cev muaj zog 1.15 qhov kev pabcuam, nws raug tso cai. Ib qho tshwj xeeb rau qhov no yog thaum siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv hloov pauv ceev.

Q. Kuv puas tuaj yeem siv lub voj ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas los hloov qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas?
A. Ib lub voj voog ntsuas dej feem ntau siv tau qhov uas ntws dej ntau dhau los ntawm tus qauv UL Playpipe nozzles tsis yooj yim; Txawm li cas los xij, thaum siv lub ntsuas ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas lub voj voog ncig lub twj tso kua mis, koj tuaj yeem sim cov twj hydraulic ua haujlwm, tab sis koj tsis kuaj cov dej, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov twj tua hluav taws. Yog tias muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov dej xa dej, qhov no yuav tsis tshwm sim nrog lub voj voog ntws, tab sis yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sim cov twj tua hluav taws nrog hoses thiab Playpipes. Ntawm qhov pib pib ntawm qhov hluav taws kub twj tso kua mis, peb ib txwm hais kom cov dej ntws los ntawm qhov system kom ntseeg tau tias kev ncaj ncees ntawm tag nrho cov kab ke.
Yog tias lub voj voog ntws rov qab mus rau cov dej xau - xws li lub tank dej saum toj no - tom qab ntawd nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj koj yuav tuaj yeem sim ob lub twj tso kua mis thiab cov dej. Tsuas yog xyuas kom meej tias koj lub ntsuas dej ntws tau raug ntsuas kom raug. 

Q. Kuv puas yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog NPSH hauv cov ntawv thov hluav taws kub?
A. Tsis tshua muaj. NPSH (net zoo suction taub hau) yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev siv hauv kev lag luam, xws li boiler pub los yog cov twj tso kua dej kub. Nrog cov twj tua hluav taws, txawm li cas los xij, koj tab tom cuam tshuam nrog dej txias, uas siv tag nrho cov huab cua siab rau koj kom zoo dua. Cov twj tua hluav taws xav tau "dhau dej nyab," qhov twg cov dej tuaj txog rau lub twj tso kua mis impeller los ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus. Koj xav tau qhov no los lav lub twj tso kua mis prime 100% ntawm lub sijhawm, kom thaum koj muaj hluav taws, koj lub twj tso kua mis ua haujlwm! Nws yog ib qho ua tau rau nruab lub twj tso kua mis hluav taws nrog lub ko taw valve lossis qee yam khoom siv rau priming, tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev los lav 100% tias lub twj tso kua mis yuav ua haujlwm zoo thaum hu ua haujlwm. Hauv ntau qhov sib cais ob chav nqus twj tso kua mis, nws tsuas yog siv li ntawm 3% ntawm huab cua hauv lub twj tso kua mis los ua kom lub twj tso kua mis tsis ua haujlwm. Vim li ntawd, koj yuav tsis pom cov chaw tsim khoom siv hluav taws xob txaus siab muag lub twj tua hluav taws rau txhua qhov kev teeb tsa uas tsis tau lees tias "dej suction" rau lub twj tua hluav taws txhua lub sijhawm.

Q. Thaum twg koj yuav teb cov lus nug ntxiv ntawm nplooj ntawv FAQ no?
A. Peb yuav ntxiv lawv raws li cov teeb meem tshwm sim, tab sis xav tiv tauj peb nrog koj cov lus nug!

Technical data

TKFLO Vertical Turbine Hluav Taws Twj Specifications

	Hom Pump	Kab rov tav centrifugal twj nrog qhov tsim nyog rau kev muab dej rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws hauv cov tsev, nroj tsuag thiab vaj.
	Muaj peev xwm	300-5000GPM (68-567m3 / teev)
	Lub taub hau	90 mus rau 650 ko taw (26 mus rau 198 meters)
	Siab	Mus txog 650 ko taw (45 kg / cm2, 4485 KPa)
	Lub zog hauv tsev	Mus txog 800HP (597 KW)
	Cov tsav tsheb	Vertical hluav taws xob motors thiab diesel xyaw nrog lub kaum sab xis iav, thiab chav turbines.
	Hom kua	Dej los yog dej hiav txwv
	Kub	Ambient nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv rau cov khoom txaus siab ua haujlwm.
	Khoom siv ntawm kev tsim kho	Cam khwb cia hlau, Bronze haum raws li tus qauv. Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv tau muaj rau kev siv dej hiav txwv.
Scope ntawm kev muab: Cav tsav hluav taws twj tso kua mis + tswj vaj huam sib luag + Jockey twj tso kua mis Hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tsav twj tso kua mis + tswj vaj huam sib luag + Jockey twj tso kua mis
Lwm qhov kev thov rau chav tsev thov tham nrog TKFLO engineers.

UL teev cov twj tua hluav taws hnub tuaj yeem xaiv tau

Tus neeg thov

Daim ntawv thov sib txawv los ntawm me me, yooj yim hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tsav mus rau diesel cav tsav, ntim tshuab. Cov txheej txheem yog tsim los tswj cov dej tshiab, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb muaj rau cov dej hiav txwv thiab cov ntawv thov ua kua tshwj xeeb.
Lub TONGKE Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob muab kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb, Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam, Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tsev, Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob, Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob, Hauv Nroog, thiab Cov Ntawv Thov Txheej Txheem.

CurveNws yog qhov tseeb peb lub luag haujlwm los ua kom txaus siab rau koj cov kev xav tau thiab ua haujlwm zoo rau koj. Koj qhov kev txaus siab yog peb qhov khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws. Peb tab tom nrhiav rau pem hauv ntej rau koj nres los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke kev loj hlob rau Tuam Tshoj Chaw tsim tshuaj paus rau Tuam Tshoj Pharmacy Food and Chemical Industry Single-Stage Pumps Sanitary CIP Self-Priming Pump, Muaj ntau lub sij hawm, tam sim no peb tau them nyiaj rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm txhua yam tshwj xeeb kom paub tseeb txhua yam khoom lossis kev pabcuam txaus siab los ntawm peb cov neeg yuav khoom.
Tuam Tshoj Chaw tsim tshuaj paus rau Tuam Tshoj Sanitary Return Pump, Sanitary CIP Pump, Peb tuaj yeem muab peb cov neeg tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab kev tswj hwm tus nqi, thiab tam sim no peb muaj ntau yam pwm los ntawm ntau txog li ib puas lub hoobkas. Raws li cov khoom hloov kho sai, peb ua tiav hauv kev tsim ntau yam khoom zoo rau peb cov neeg siv khoom thiab tau txais lub koob npe nrov.

TKFLO Vertical Turbine Hluav Taws Twj Specifications

	Hom Pump	Kab rov tav centrifugal twj nrog qhov tsim nyog rau kev muab dej rau kev tiv thaiv hluav taws hauv cov tsev, nroj tsuag thiab vaj.
	Muaj peev xwm	300-5000GPM (68-567m3 / teev)
	Lub taub hau	90 mus rau 650 ko taw (26 mus rau 198 meters)
	Siab	Mus txog 650 ko taw (45 kg / cm2, 4485 KPa)
	Lub zog hauv tsev	Mus txog 800HP (597 KW)
	Cov tsav tsheb	Vertical hluav taws xob motors thiab diesel xyaw nrog lub kaum sab xis iav, thiab chav turbines.
	Hom kua	Dej los yog dej hiav txwv
	Kub	Ambient nyob rau hauv cov kev txwv rau cov khoom txaus siab ua haujlwm.
	Khoom siv ntawm kev tsim kho	Cam khwb cia hlau, Bronze haum raws li tus qauv. Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv tau muaj rau kev siv dej hiav txwv.
Scope ntawm kev muab: Cav tsav hluav taws twj tso kua mis + tswj vaj huam sib luag + Jockey twj tso kua mis Hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tsav twj tso kua mis + tswj vaj huam sib luag + Jockey twj tso kua mis
Lwm qhov kev thov rau chav tsev thov tham nrog TKFLO engineers.

UL teev cov twj tua hluav taws hnub tuaj yeem xaiv tau

Daim ntawv thov sib txawv los ntawm me me, yooj yim hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog tsav mus rau diesel cav tsav, ntim tshuab. Cov txheej txheem yog tsim los tswj cov dej tshiab, tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb muaj rau cov dej hiav txwv thiab cov ntawv thov ua kua tshwj xeeb.
Lub TONGKE Cov Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob muab kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb, Kev Lag Luam Kev Lag Luam, Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tsev, Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob, Kev Tiv Thaiv Hluav Taws Xob, Hauv Nroog, thiab Cov Ntawv Thov Txheej Txheem.