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Cov Cuab Yeej Ntawm Cov Kua Dej, Cov Kua Dej yog dab tsi?

Kev piav qhia dav dav

Cov kua dej, raws li lub npe qhia, yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws lub peev xwm ntws.Nws txawv ntawm cov khoom uas nws raug kev txom nyem vim kev ntxhov siab shear, txawm li cas los xij me me qhov kev ntxhov siab shear yuav yog. Qhov kev ntsuas nkaus xwb yog lub sijhawm txaus yuav tsum dhau mus rau qhov deformation tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, cov kua dej tsis zoo.

Cov kua yuav muab faib ua kua thiab roj. Cov kua tsuas yog me ntsis compressible thiab muaj qhov chaw dawb thaum nws muab tso rau hauv lub nkoj qhib. Ntawm qhov tod tes, ib qho roj ib txwm nthuav dav kom puv nws lub thawv. Lub vapor yog ib qho roj uas nyob ze ntawm lub xeev ua kua.

Cov kua uas tus kws ua haujlwm feem ntau txhawj xeeb yog dej. Nws tuaj yeem muaj txog li peb feem pua ​​​​ntawm cov huab cua hauv kev daws teeb meem uas nyob rau hauv cov huab cua hauv nruab nrab yuav raug tso tawm. Kev npaj yuav tsum tau ua rau qhov no thaum tsim cov twj tso kua mis, li qub, cov kav dej, thiab lwm yam.

Vertical Turbine Pump

Diesel cav Vertical Turbine multistage centrifugal inline shaft dej Drainage Pump Hom twj tso kua dej ntsug no feem ntau yog siv rau kev siv tsis muaj corrosion, kub tsawg dua 60 ° C, tshem tawm cov khib nyiab (tsis suav nrog fiber ntau, cov grits) tsawg dua 150 mg / L cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov dej phwj los yog dej khib nyiab. VTP hom ntsug dej twj tso kua mis yog nyob rau hauv VTP hom ntsug dej twj tso kua mis, thiab nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus ntawm qhov nce thiab lub dab tshos, teem lub raj roj lubrication yog dej. Muaj peev xwm haus luam yeeb kub hauv qab 60 ° C, xa kom muaj cov khoom nplej (xws li cov hlau nplaum thiab cov xuab zeb zoo, thee, thiab lwm yam) ntawm cov dej phwj tuaj lossis dej pov tseg.

as (1)

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua dej tau piav qhia raws li hauv qab no:

Qhov ceev (ρ)

Qhov ntom ntawm cov kua dej yog nws qhov loj ntawm ib chav tsev ntim. Hauv SI system nws tau qhia tias kg / m3.

Dej yog nyob ntawm nws qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 1000 kg / m3ntawm 4 ° C. Nws muaj qhov ntom ntom me ntsis nrog qhov kub thiab txias tab sis rau qhov siv tau, qhov ntom ntawm cov dej yog 1000 kg / m.3.

Relative density yog qhov piv ntawm qhov ntom ntawm cov kua rau cov dej.

Qhov hnyav (w)

Qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kua dej yog nws qhov loj ntawm ib chav tsev ntim.In Si system, nws tau qhia hauv N / m3. Ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, w yog 9810 N / m3los yog 9,81 kN / m3(kwv yees li 10 kN / m3 kom yooj yim ntawm kev xam).

Specific gravity (SG)

Qhov tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus ntawm cov kua yog qhov piv ntawm qhov loj ntawm ib lub ntim ntawm cov kua rau qhov loj ntawm tib lub ntim dej. Yog li nws tseem yog qhov piv txwv ntawm cov kua ntom ntom ntom rau ntom ntawm cov dej ntshiab, ib txwm muaj nyob ntawm 15 ° C.

as (2)

Nqus Priming zoo point twj tso kua mis

Model No: TWS

TWP series Movable Diesel Cav self-priming Well point Dej twj rau thaum muaj xwm ceev yog sib koom tsim los ntawm DRAKOS PUMP ntawm Singapore thiab REEOFLO lub tuam txhab ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees. Cov twj tso kua mis no tuaj yeem thauj txhua yam huv, nruab nrab thiab corrosive nruab nrab uas muaj cov khoom. Txhim kho ntau cov tsoos self-priming twj faults. Qhov no hom ntawm tus kheej-priming twj tso kua mis tshwj xeeb qhuav khiav qauv yuav tsis siv neeg pib thiab rov pib dua yam tsis muaj kua rau thawj zaug, Lub taub hau nqus tau ntau tshaj 9 m; Cov qauv hydraulic zoo heev thiab cov qauv tshwj xeeb khaws cov kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj 75%. Thiab txawv qauv installation rau kev xaiv.

Modulus loj (k)

los yog cov hom phiaj siv tau, cov kua yuav raug suav tias yog incompressible. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov xwm txheej, xws li cov dej tsis ruaj khov hauv cov kav dej, qhov twg compressibility yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Qhov ntau modulus ntawm elasticity, k, yog muab los ntawm:

as (3)

qhov twg p yog qhov nce siab uas, thaum siv rau ntim V, ua rau txo qis hauv ntim AV. Txij li thaum txo qis hauv ntim yuav tsum tau cuam tshuam nrog kev faib ua feem nce hauv ntom ntom, kab sib npaug 1 yuav tau hais tawm raws li:

as (4)

los yog dej, k yog kwv yees li 2 150 MPa ntawm qhov kub thiab txias. Nws ua raws li cov dej yog li 100 npaug ntau compressible dua hlau.

Cov kua dej zoo tagnrho

Cov kua dej zoo tagnrho lossis zoo meej yog ib qho uas tsis muaj tangential lossis shear stresses ntawm cov kua dej. Cov rog ib txwm ua ib txwm nyob ntawm ib ntu thiab tsuas yog txwv rau lub zog thiab nrawm. Tsis muaj cov kua dej tiag tiag ua raws li lub tswv yim no, thiab rau tag nrho cov kua hauv kev tawm suab muaj cov tangential stresses tam sim no uas muaj cov nyhuv dampening ntawm cov lus tsa suab. Txawm li cas los xij, qee cov kua dej, suav nrog dej, nyob ze rau cov kua dej zoo tagnrho, thiab qhov kev xav yooj yim no ua rau kev ua lej lossis cov duab nraaj yuav raug coj los siv rau hauv kev daws teeb meem ntawm qee yam dej ntws.

Vertical Turbine Hluav Taws Twj

Qauv No: XBC-VTP

XBC-VTP Series ntsug ntev ncej tua hluav taws twj tso kua mis yog series ntawm ib theem, multistage diffusers twj, tsim nyob rau hauv raws li qhov tseeb National Standard GB6245-2006. Peb kuj tau txhim kho tus qauv tsim nrog kev siv ntawm tus qauv ntawm United States Fire Protection Association. Nws yog tsuas yog siv rau cov dej tua hluav taws hauv petrochemical, natural gas, fais fab nroj tsuag, paj rwb textile, wharf, aviation, warehousing, high-rising building and other industries. Nws tseem tuaj yeem siv rau nkoj, dej hiav txwv tank, nkoj hluav taws thiab lwm yam khoom siv.

as (5)

viscosity

Lub viscosity ntawm cov kua yog ib qho kev ntsuas ntawm nws tsis kam mus rau tangential los yog shear stress. Nws tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam thiab cohesion ntawm cov kua dej molecules. Tag nrho cov kua dej tiag tiag muaj viscosity, txawm tias sib txawv. Lub shear stress nyob rau hauv ib qho khoom yog proportional to strain where the shear stress in a fluid is proportional to the rate of shearing strain.Nws ua raws li hais tias tsis muaj shear stress nyob rau hauv cov kua uas nyob so.

as (6)

Fig.1.Viscous deformation

Xav txog cov kua dej nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob daim phiaj uas nyob deb heev y sib nrug (Daim duab 1). Lub phaj qis yog nyob ruaj ruaj thaum lub phaj sab sauv txav ntawm qhov nrawm v. Cov dej txav yog xav tias yuav muaj nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm infinitely nyias txheej los yog laminae, pub dawb rau swb ib qho. Tsis muaj kev sib tsoo los yog turbulence. Cov txheej uas nyob ib sab ntawm lub phaj nyob ruaj ruaj yog nyob so thaum cov txheej nyob ib sab ntawm lub phaj txav muaj qhov nrawm v. Tus nqi ntawm shearing strain lossis tshaj tawm gradient yog dv/dy. Lub dynamic viscosity los yog, yooj yim dua, lub viscosity μ yog muab los ntawm

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Yog li ntawd:

as (8)

Qhov kev qhia no rau kev ntxhov siab yog thawj zaug los ntawm Newton thiab hu ua Newton qhov sib npaug ntawm viscosity. Yuav luag txhua cov kua dej muaj qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab raug xa mus rau Newtonian kua.

as (9)

Fig.2. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm shearing stress thiab tus nqi ntawm shearing strain.

Daim duab 2 yog ib daim duab sawv cev ntawm Equation 3 thiab qhia txog kev coj tus cwj pwm sib txawv ntawm cov khoom khib nyiab thiab cov kua dej hauv qab shearing stress.

Viscosity yog qhia nyob rau hauv centipoises (Pa.s los yog Ns / m2).

Nyob rau hauv ntau yam teeb meem hais txog cov kua dej, lub viscosity tshwm nrog qhov ceev nyob rau hauv daim ntawv μ/p (ywj siab ntawm quab yuam) thiab nws yog ib qho yooj yim mus siv ib lub sij hawm v, hu ua kinematic viscosity.

Tus nqi ntawm ν rau cov roj hnyav yuav siab li 900 x 10-6m2/ s, whereas rau dej, uas muaj ib tug kuj tsis tshua muaj viscosity, nws tsuas yog 1,14 x 10?m2 / s ntawm 15 ° C. Lub kinematic viscosity ntawm cov kua diminishes nrog nce kub. Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, lub kinematic viscosity ntawm huab cua yog hais txog 13 npaug ntawm cov dej.

Nto nro thiab capillarity

Nco tseg:

Cohesion yog qhov attraction uas zoo sib xws molecules muaj rau ib leeg.

Adhesion yog qhov attraction uas sib txawv molecules muaj rau ib leeg.

Nto nro yog cov cuab yeej ntawm lub cev uas ua rau lub tee dej los tuav hauv kev ncua ntawm tus kais dej, lub nkoj yuav tsum tau ntim cov kua me ntsis saum lub brim thiab tseem tsis tau nchuav los yog rab koob kom ntab rau saum cov kua. Tag nrho cov xwm txheej no yog vim muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov molecules ntawm cov kua dej uas txuas nrog lwm cov kua lossis roj tsis sib haum. Nws yog zoo li qhov chaw muaj ib tug elastic membrane, uniformly stressed, uas nyhav ib txwm mus cog lus rau lub superficial cheeb tsam. Yog li peb pom tias cov npuas ntawm cov pa hauv cov kua thiab cov tee dej ntawm cov huab cua yog kwv yees li cov duab puab.

Lub zog nro saum npoo hla txhua txoj kab kev xav ntawm ib qho chaw dawb yog proportional rau qhov ntev ntawm txoj kab thiab ua nyob rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia perpendicular rau nws. Qhov nro ntawm ib chav tsev ntev yog qhia hauv mN / m. Nws qhov loj me me, yog kwv yees li 73 mN / m rau dej hauv kev sib cuag nrog huab cua ntawm chav tsev kub. Muaj qhov qis me ntsis hauv kaum sab xisinrog nce kub.

Nyob rau hauv feem ntau cov ntawv thov nyob rau hauv hydraulics, nto nro yog qhov tseem ceeb me ntsis vim hais tias cov kev cuam tshuam quab yuam feem ntau negligible nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau cov hydrostatic thiab dynamic rog. Nto nro tsuas yog qhov tseem ceeb uas muaj qhov chaw dawb thiab cov ciam teb qhov ntev me me. Yog li nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov qauv hydraulic, cov teebmeem ntawm qhov nro, uas tsis muaj qhov tshwm sim hauv cov qauv, tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus cwj pwm ntawm tus qauv, thiab qhov kev ua yuam kev hauv kev simulation no yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv kev txiav txim siab thaum txhais cov txiaj ntsig.

Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov nro tau hais tau zoo heev nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm cov hlab me me qhib rau qhov chaw. Cov no tuaj yeem siv cov raj manometer hauv chav kuaj lossis qhib qhov pores hauv av. Piv txwv li, thaum lub khob me me tau dipped rau hauv dej, nws yuav pom tias cov dej nce hauv lub raj, raws li pom hauv daim duab 3.

Cov dej saum npoo ntawm lub raj, los yog meniscus raws li nws hu ua, yog concave upwards. Qhov tshwm sim yog hu ua capillarity, thiab tangential kev sib cuag ntawm cov dej thiab iav qhia tau hais tias lub sab hauv cohesion ntawm cov dej yog tsawg dua adhesion ntawm dej thiab iav. Lub siab ntawm cov dej hauv lub raj uas nyob ib sab ntawm qhov chaw dawb yog tsawg dua atmospheric.

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Daim duab 3. Capillarity

Mercury coj txawv txawv, raws li tau teev tseg hauv daim duab 3(b).Vim lub zog ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntau dua li lub zog ntawm adhesion, lub kaum sab xis ntawm kev sib cuag loj dua thiab lub meniscus muaj lub ntsej muag convex rau qhov chaw thiab muaj kev nyuaj siab. Lub siab nyob ib sab ntawm qhov chaw dawb yog ntau dua li atmospheric.

Capillarity cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv manometers thiab gauge tsom iav tej zaum yuav zam tau los ntawm kev siv cov raj uas tsis tsawg tshaj li 10 hli txoj kab uas hla.

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Centrifugal Hiav Txwv Dej Destination Pump

Qauv TSIS MUAJ: ASN ASNV

Model ASN thiab ASNV twj tso kua mis yog ib-theem ob chav suction split volute casing centrifugal twj thiab siv los yog kua tsheb thauj mus los rau cov dej ua hauj lwm, cua txias ncig, lub tsev, irrigation, dej twj tso kua mis chaw nres tsheb, hluav taws xob fais fab chaw nres tsheb, industrial water supply system, tua hluav taws. system, nkoj, tsev thiab lwm yam.

Vapor siab

Cov kua dej uas muaj lub zog kinetic txaus yog tawm ntawm lub cev tseem ceeb ntawm cov kua ntawm nws qhov chaw dawb thiab dhau mus rau hauv cov pa. Lub siab exerted los ntawm vapor no yog hu ua vapor siab, P,. Kev nce hauv qhov kub thiab txias yog txuam nrog ntau dua molecular agitation thiab yog li nce hauv vapor siab. Thaum lub vapor siab sib npaug rau lub siab ntawm cov pa saum nws, cov kua boils. Lub vapor siab ntawm dej ntawm 15 ° C yog 1.72 kPa (1.72 kN / m2).

Atmospheric siab

Lub siab ntawm cov cua ntawm lub ntiaj teb saum npoo yog ntsuas los ntawm ib tug barometer. Nyob rau hauv lub hiav txwv theem, atmospheric siab nruab nrab yog 101 kPa thiab yog standardized ntawm tus nqi no. Muaj qhov txo qis hauv atmospheric siab nrog qhov siab; Piv txwv li, ntawm 1 500m yog txo mus rau 88 kPa. Cov dej kem sib npaug muaj qhov siab ntawm 10,3 m ntawm hiav txwv theem, thiab feem ntau hu ua dej barometer. Qhov siab yog hypothetical, txij li lub vapor siab ntawm dej yuav txwv tsis pub lub tshuab nqus tsev ua tiav. Mercury yog cov kua dej barometric zoo dua, vim tias nws muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm vapor siab. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhov siab ceev ua rau ib kab ntawm qhov siab tsim nyog - txog 0.75 m ntawm hiav txwv theem.

Raws li feem ntau cov kev ntxhov siab nyob rau hauv hydraulics yog siab tshaj atmospheric siab thiab ntsuas los ntawm cov twj paj nruag uas sau kuj, nws yog yooj yim rau kev xav atmospheric siab li lub datum, piv txwv li xoom. Lub siab yog ces hu ua gauge pressures thaum saum toj no atmospheric thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev siab thaum hauv qab nws. Yog tias qhov tseeb xoom siab raug coj los ua datum, kev ntxhov siab tau hais tias yog qhov tseeb. Nyob rau hauv Tshooj 5 qhov twg NPSH tau tham, tag nrho cov duab tau qhia nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus dej barometer, iesea qib = 0 bar gauge = 1 bar absolute = 101 kPa = 10,3 m dej.


Post lub sij hawm: Mar-20-2024